Quiz: Pharma (ANS)

Regarding to sympathetic system, the following is not true

A a-its main center is the hypothalamus B b-Efferent fiber travel down through the spinal cord to the thoracolumbar segments C c-the preganglionic fibers are short. D d-the post ganglionic fibers are short.

Regarding to sympathetic system, the following is false

A a- its main chemical transmitter is noradrenaline B b- its main function is to face emergencies. C c- it is an anabolic (energy preservative) system D d- it is energy consuming system.

Regarding to sympathetic system, the following is false

A a-presynaptic receptors regulate noradrenaline (NA) release B b-stimulation of presynaptic alpha-2 receptors inhibits noradrenaline release C c-stimulation of presynaptic beta receptors, increases noradrenaline release. D d-blocking of presynaptic beta receptors increases NA release.

The following endogenous catecholamine is not formed in the nerve ending due to absence of N-methyl transferase

A a-noradrenaline. B b-adrenaline C c-dopamine D d- atropine

Termination of norepinephrine activity occurs mainly by

A a-its diffusion into the circulation& destruction by COMT B b-its destruction by MAO C c- its uptake into the nerve ending. D d-its excretion

Adrenaline can stimulate the following receptors

A a- a1, a2, B1, B2 B b-al, a2 C c-B1, B2, al D d-al, Bl, a2

The myocardial cells contain

A a-alpha receptors mainly B b-beta-2 receptors mainly C c-beta-1 receptors only D d-beta-1 receptors mainly

Stimulation of the following dilates coronary artery

A a-alpha-1 receptors. B b- beta -2 receptors. C c-beta-1 receptors D d-non of the above

Adrenaline produces the following effects except

A a- increase of the heart rate. B b-bronchodilatation C c- increase of systolic bl. P. D d-hypoglycemia.

Adverse effects of adrenaline include the following except

A a-palpitation & tremors. B b-rise of bl. pressure C c-abdominal cramps D d-hyperglycemia

The following is a therapeutic use of adrenaline

A a- with local anesthetics. B b-anaphylactic shock. C c-acute bronchial asthma. D d- all of the above

Adrenaline produces the following effects except

A a- increase of all cardiac properties. B b- relaxation of GIT & UB walls C c-vasoconstriction of skeletal muscle blood vessels D d- increase of hepatic& skeletal muscle glycogenolysis.

Regarding to noradrenaline, the following are true except

A a-It is used in hypotensive states by i.v. infusion. B b-its extravasation during injection should be avoided. C c-It has potent beta-2 st. effect& produces bronchodilatation. D d-it is the main sympathetic chemical transmitter

Regarding to noradrenaline, the following are true except

A a- it has a potent alpha stimulant effect. B b-It is given by the intravenous infusion C c-it produces vasodilatation of the renal vessels D d-it may be used in certain hypotensive states.

Regarding to dopamine, the following are true except

A a- it causes renal vasodilatation (D1 effect) B b- it can pass easily the BBB C c- its deficiency in the brain leads to parkinsonism. D d-it is the preferred catecholamine in case of shock.

Catecholamines are contraindicated in the following except

A a-with digitalis, thyroxine & nonselective beta blockers. B b-organic and ischemic heart diseases C c-anaphylactic shock. D d-peripheral ischemic vascular disease,

Adrenaline causes hyperglycemia via the following except

A a- inhibition of insulin secretion (alpha effect). B b-increased glycogenolysis (beta effect). C c-inhibition of peripheral tissue glucose utilization. D d- increased absorption of glucose from GIT

The following are alpha sympathomimetic actions except

A a-nasal & bronchial decongestion B b-cardiac stimulation C c-vasoconstriction of SC, vessels. D d-mydriasis.

The following is not a beta effect of sympathomimetics

A a- vasodilatation of skeletal muscle blood vessels. B b- bronchodilatation C c- increased heart rate and systolic blood pressure. D d- constriction of cutaneous blood vessels.

Regarding to dobutamine, the following is not correct

A a- it is a selective beta-1 agonist B b- it is given by the intravenous infusion. C c-it has a potent alpha stimulant effect. D d-it is used in heart block, cardiogenic shock& heart failure

Regarding to non catecholamines, the following is false

A a-effective orally & have a long duration of action. B b-act both directly and indirectly. C c- can pass BBB& produce central stimulant effects. D d- metabolized at a more rapid rate.

Adverse effects of amphetamine, not include

A a-increased libido B b-insomnia C c-anorexia D d-impotence

Adverse effects of amphetamine, not include

A a-sedation B b-suicidal & homicidal tendency C c-anginal pain, arrhythmia and hypertension D d-urine retention in patients with enlarged prostate

Therapeutic uses of ephedrine include the following

A a-chronic bronchial asthma B b-Nocturnal enuresis. C c-Nasal and conjunctival congestion D d-all of the above

The tracheobronchial musculature contains

A a-alpha receptors only B b-beta-1 receptors mainly C c-beta-2 receptors only D d-beta -2 receptors mainly

Beta-2 selective agonists are used in the following except

A a-obstructed labor due to contraction ring B b-bronchial asthma. C c-peripheral vascular diseases D d-arrhythmia.

Adverse effects of beta-2 agonists not include

A a-hypotension B b-reflex tachycardia C c- anginal ischemic pain due to hypotension D d-skeletal muscle relaxation

The following drug is a selective alpha-l blocker

A a- yohimbine B b-prazosin C c- clonidine. D d-phentolamine.

Prazosin is the preferred alpha blocker in treatment of hypertension due to the following except

A a- it is a selective al blocker. B b- it does not block the a2 presynaptic receptors. C c- it has cardioinhibitory action. D d-it increases release of noradrenaline from nerve ending

Ergotamine is effective in treatment of migraine because

A a-it blocks alpha receptors. B b-it has an analgesic action C c-it produces vasoconstriction D d-it produces vasodilatation

Regarding to propranolol, all the following are true except

A a- it must be withdrawn gradually. B b-it does not block alpha receptors C c- it is a non selective beta blocker D d-it is a calcium blocker.

The following are side effects of beta blockers except

A a-bradycardia B b-hyperglycemia C c-sedation D d-bronchoconstriction

Regarding to the alpha methyl dopa, the following is false

A a-it is used mainly in mild & moderate hypertension B b-it produces sedation and may be parkinsonism C c-It stimulates alpha-2 receptors centrally & peripherally D d-it increases the sympathetic outflow

Regarding to clonidine, which of the following is false

A a- acts as an antagonist on alpha-2 receptors B b- has a sedative action C c-used in mild & moderate essential hypertension. D d- its abrupt withdrawal leads to serious hypertension

Regarding to parasympathetic system the following is false

A a-efferent fibers travel down through the spinal cord from the central nuclei to craniosacral segments. B b-preganglionic fibers are long C c-postganglionic fibers are long. D d-its chemical transmitter is acetylcholine.

Regarding to acetylcholine, the following are true except

A a-it acts as a transmitter at somatic motor nerve ending. B b-it is released in all preganglionic fibers of ANS. C c-it is rapidly hydrolyzed by both cholinesterase. D d-it is used clinically for systemic actions

Therapeutic uses of pilocarpine not include

A a-glaucoma B b-to stimulate salivation in dry mouth. C c-alternatively with mydriatics to break adhesions of iris/lens/cornea. D d-myasthenia gravis

Parasympathomimetic effects not include

A a-bronchial contraction. B b-miosis of the pupils C c-decrease of the heart rate. D d-decrease of GIT motility & secretions

Direct parasympathomimetic, not include

A a-methacholine B b-carbachol C c-physostigmine D d-pilocarpine

Atropine produces the following effects except

A a- dryness of mouth. B b- cycloplegia. C c- tachycardia D d- diarrhea.

Post operative retention of urine may occur by using of

A a-fluids. B b- neostigmine. C c-atropine. D d- ampicillin.

Short acting atropine substitutes are used in

A a- fundus examination. B b-renal colic. C c- preanesthetic medication. D d-parkinsonism

Anticholinergics are used with caution in elderly patients for fear of the following except

A a-glaucoma B b-diarrhea C c-Alzheimer disease D d- retention of urine

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