Quiz: Diseases Spread by Contact

Q1. The most important cause of infant mortality in Egypt is:

A A. ARI B B. Diarrhea C C. Prematurity D D. Birth Injuries

Q2. All are correct about Hepatitis Infection Except:

A A. All hepatitis viruses' genomes are DNA except hepatitis B. B B. Hepatitis D replicates only in HBV Infected cells. C C. Hepatitis E is a NANB enterically transmitted virus. D D. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR): used for diagnosis of HVC

Q3. All are correct about Hepatitis A virus (HAV) except:

A A. Diagnosis is made by detection of Ig M antibodies. B B. Occurs more among children especially those attending nursery C C. Hepatitis A is mostly self-limiting and rarely fatal. D D. Peak of viremia is 3 days after Infection.

Q4. All are correct about Hepatitis A virus (HAV) except:

A A. Humans appear to be the only reservoir for HAV. B B. Is highly infectious during the jaundice phase C C. May be prevented by immunoglobulin D D. May be prevented by vaccination

Q5. Which is a not character of Hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccine:

A A. Prepared by Genetic engineering B B. Invalid before 2 years of life. C C. Can't be given to pregnant females D D. It gives immunity for a long period of time

Q6. All are correct about Hepatitis A infection except:

A A. Person-to-person contact is the main means of transmission B B. Transmission through blood products has been described C C. The greatest shedding of virus is during the anicteric prodrome. D D. The incubation period usually lasts 2-6 months

Q7. All are correct about Hepatitis A infection except:

A A. Infection in early life occurs commonly in developing countries B B. Sero-positivity for HAV antibody protects against re- infection C C. Diagnosis is based on serologic testing for IgM antibody to HAV D D. Case fatality rates approach 20%.

Q8. Which is correct Concerning Hepatitis B Virus Infection?

A A. About 10% of adults become carriers after acute infection B B. The incubation period is about three weeks C C. All antenatal patients should be screened at booking D D. Acute infection produces significant illness with jaundice

Q9. All are correct about Hepatitis C virus except:

A A. May be transmitted by blood B B. Is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma C C. Has one stable genotype only D D. May respond to interferon therapy

Q10. Which is correct concerning Hepatitis B Virus Infection?

A A. May result in chronic infection and cirrhosis of the liver B B. May result in hepatocellular carcinoma C C. May respond to interferon therapy. D D. All of the above are true

Q11. All are correct about Recombinant HB vaccine except:

A A. It is produced from HBcAg derived from yeast B B. Given by the intramuscular route C C. The vaccine is compulsory in Egypt at 2, 4, 6 months of life D D. It is the safest and most effective vaccines yet developed.

Q12. Concerning Hepatitis C virus; choose the correct statements

A A. Attributed to contaminated parenteral anti-schistosomal therapy B B. Prevalence of HCV antibodies in persons in Egypt is about 22%. C C. HCV is a spherical, enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus D D. All of the above are true

Q13. All are correct about Hepatitis C virus Infection Except:

A A. HCV quasispecies pose major challenge to vaccine development B B. There are six major HCV genotypes and numerous subtypes. C C. Genotype1 is the most prevalent genotype in Egypt. D D. HCV is predominantly transmitted by of percutaneous exposure

Q14. All are correct about Hepatitis C virus Transmission Except:

A A. Hepatitis C virus may be transmitted by acupuncture, or sharing raz B B. Maternal-fetal transmission C C. Nosocomial transmission may occur via dialysis or surgery. D D. Can be transmitted through casual household contact

Q15. Concerning Hepatitis D virus - All are true except:

A A. Infect 5% of the world's 300 million HBsAg carriers B B. HDV is a single-stranded DNA virus C C. HDV uses HBsAg as its envelope protein D D. HDV super-infection may result in fulminating hepatic failure

Q16. Concerning Hepatitis E virus - All are true except:

A A. It is a single-stranded RNA virus B B. Man is the only natural host. C C. Food handlers are the main carriers D D. Can be detected in the serum and stool of infected patients.

017. Concerning Meningococcal Infection - All are true except:

A A. 10% of adults carry meningococci in upper respiratory tract. B B. Pathogenic strains are found in only 1% of carriers. C C. Neurological damage is a consequence of bacterial toxicity. D D. Clinical signs of meningitis, such as photophobia, neck stiffness, and a positive Kernig sign are present in all cases

Q18. Which isn't true in prevention of Meningococcal Infection?

A A. Chemoprophylaxis is not recommended for health care workers B B. Chemoprophylaxis may involve use of rifampicin, ceftriaxone, C C. Ceftriaxone is usually safe during pregnancy. D D. Vaccination of pilgrims at least 2 weeks before departure.

Q19. Which isn't true concerning Meningococcal Vaccination?

A A. It is a purified polysaccharide. B B. It is available for all the following types: A, B, C, Y and W135. C C. Used to protect travelers and household contacts D D. Purified polysaccharide is not a good immunogen in infants.

Q20. Which isn't true regarding complications of meningitis?

A A. Meningococcal septicemia has a better prognosis than m. meningitis. B B. Neurological & Cardio-respiratory failure might occur. C C. Severe peripheral gangrene leading to skin grafting. D D. Immune complex disease.

Q21. Concerning Tuberculosis - All are true except:

A A. TB is the most common global cause of infection-related death B B. More than 8 million new cases of TB occur each year globally. C C. Most persons infected with M tuberculous develop active disease D D. A cell-mediated immune response terminates the unimpeded growth of the M tuberculosis 2-3 weeks after initial infection.

Q22. Concerning Tuberculosis - All are true except:

A A. Defects in the level of immuno-competence and cell-mediated immunity are major determinants for development of disease B B. M tuberculosis decreases serum levels of antibody titers. C C. HIV is one of the most significant risk factors for TB infection. D D. Steroid therapy & cancer chemotherapy increase the risk of TB.

Q23. Choose the Incorrect statement about Tuberculin Test:

A A. The recommended method is the Mantoux technique. B B. False-positive reactions often are attributed to asymptomatic Infection by environmental nontuberculous mycobacte C C. False-negative results may be due to vaccination with attenuated virus Immuno-suppression, or malnutrition D D. Immunizations with BCG a contraindication to the test.

Q24. Choose the Incorrect statement about BCG vaccine:

A A. BCG is live vaccine prepared from attenuated strains of M bovis B B. BCG vaccine prevents infection with M. tuberculosis. C C. Adverse reactions include subcutaneous abscess formation D D. Contraindications include immuno-suppressed conditions

Q25. Which isn't true concerning persons with Latent tuberculosis?

A A. Have no symptoms (Don't feel sick) B B. Can spread TB to others. C C. Usually have a positive skin test reaction. D D. Chest x-ray and sputum tests normal.

Q26. Concerning DOTS- All are true except:

A A. It is a new strategy for TB control for ensuring high cure rate. B B. Drugs are given in correct doses for sufficient period of time. C C. Supervision & motivation aren't essential components of DOTS D D. Patients are evaluated to determine outcome of their treatment

Q27. Concerning Leprosy Choose the Incorrect Statements:

A A. A chronic disease caused by a bacillus, M. Leprae B B. Human cases are the only source of infection C C. Patients have a characteristic abnormal cell-mediated response to M. leprae antigens. D D. Neuromuscular symptoms are the first to be observed

Q28. In prevention & control of Leprosy - All are true except:

A A. Single dose of BCG vaccine is 50% effective in prevention B B. New vaccine: BCG, Armadillo-derived, heat killed M. lepra C C. Elimination of pockets of high prevalence D D. Multi-drug therapy is not required in all cases to prevent antimicrobial resistance.

Q29. Which is incorrect concerning streptococcal infection?

A A. Streptococci are gram-positive cocci. B B. When cultured on blood agar plates, beta-hemolytic streptococci produce complete hemolysis. C C. Scarlet fever rash appears within 48 hours after onset of symptoms. D D. Scarlet fever rash begins to fade by end of first day of illness.

Q30. Which of the statement about Bilhariziasis is True?

A A. Globally, schistosoma is the most prevalent parasitic disease B B. Most human schistosomiasis is caused by Schistosoma mekongi C C. Schistosomiasis is caused by blood cestode. D D. Cercaria is the Infective stage of schistosomiasis.

Q31. Most human schistosomiasis is caused by; except:

A A. S. haematobium B B. S. mansoni C C. S. mekongi D D. S. japonicum

Q32. Human infection by schistosomiasis can occur via:

A A. Blood transfusion B B. Close sexual contact C C. Droplet infection D D. Contact with water

Q33. In Egypt, schistosomiasis infections age-peak is:

A A. 5-9 B B. 10-19 C C. 20-29 D D. 30-39 years

Q34. All the statements about Bilhariziasis are True Except:

A A. Katayama fever develops after acute schistosomiasis B B. Katayama fever corresponds to the first cycle of egg deposition C C. Chronic schistosomiasis is associated with fibrotic changes. D D. S haematobium is associated with cancer colon

Q35. Which isn't a complication of Bilhariziasis infestation?

A A. End-organ disease B B. Portal hypertension C C. Cancer prostate D D. Pulmonary hypertension

Q36. Concerning Schistosomes - All are true Except:

A A. Have operculated eggs. B B. Have fork-tailed cercaria in their life-cycle. C C. Require fish as the second intermediate host. D D. Cercaria is phototropic and Thermotropic

Q37. Which isn't true concerning Bilhariziasis prevention & control?

A A. Bayer-73 (Balucide) (0.1-PPM) is toxic to fish. B B. Balantis Egyptica is used for Biological control C C. Divert course of canals away from villages (0.5 Km at least) D D. Oxamniquine (Vansilis) used for mass treatment

Q38. Which is not True about Ancylostoma Infection?

A A. Is caused by blood-sucking nematodes B B. Has an estimated global prevalence of 1 billion people. C C. Infection is most prevalent in tropical and subtropical zones D D. Fish is the reservoir of infection

Q39. Concerning Ancylostoma Infection - All are true Except:

A A. Livestock's are the major reservoir B B. Highest incidence is among school-aged children & adolescents C C. Infection is maintained by soil contamination by human feces D D. Humans acquire infection by exposing skin to soil contaminated with A duodenale or N americanus larvae

Q40. Concerning Ancylostoma Infection - All are true Excep:

A A. Dermatitis may occur at site of parasite entry. B B. Physical growth of children may be retarded. C C. Causes mainly pernicious anemia. D D. Eggs of each main species can't be differentiated by their shape.

Q41. Concerning Gas gangrene - All are true Except:

A A. Refers to infection of muscle tissue by toxin-producing clostridia B B. In 1861, Louis Pasteur identified the first clostridial species C C. Organisms are true saprophytes & ubiquitous in soil and dust D D. Clostridia are obligate aerobes

Q42. Concerning Gas gangrene - All are true Except:

A A. Typical IP for gas gangrene frequently is long B B. Contamination with clostridial spores establishes infection C C. Glucose fermentation is the main mechanism of gas production D D. A rapidly progressive infection can cause shock to the patient

Q43. The first symptom of Gas gangrene is usually:

A A. Sudden onset of pain B B. local swelling to massive edema C C. skin discoloration with hemorrhagic blebs and bullae D D. Tachycardia disproportionate to body temperature is common

Q44. Which isn't needed for Gas gangrene prevention & control?

A A. Supervision of hospital hygienic condition, especially operative wards B B. Suturing wounds of a crush injury or open fractures C C. Proper sterilization of instruments. D D. Daily or repeated HBO = hyperbaric oxygen therapy

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