Quiz: Anatomy — AUA MCQ

1. Regarding the right kidney, following are true, EXCEPT:

A A. Posteriorly, related to the right colic flexure B B. Renal artery arises of the abdominal aorta C C. Anteriorly, related to the liver. D D. Renal fascia encloses both kidney and suprarenal gland

2. Regarding left renal vein, following are true, EXCEPT:

A A. Left gonadal vein is one of its tributaries. B B. Longer than the right renal vein C C. Receives left supra-renal vein. D D. Arises from the hilum of the kidney behind the ureter

3. Following structures lie posterior to the right kidney, EXCEPT:

A A. 11th and 12th ribs. B B. Transversus abdominis C C. Iliohypogastric nerve D D. Quadratus lumborum

4. Following are retroperitoneal organs, EXCEPT:

A A. Inferior vena cava B B. Stomach. C C. Ureter D D. Kidney

5. Following are intraperitoneal organs, EXCEPT

A A. Spleen B B. Stomach. C C. Ilium D D. Kidney

6. Following are muscles of the posterior abdominal wall EXCEPT:

A A. Psoas major B B. Erector spinae C C. Psoas minor D D. Quadratus lumborum

7. Regarding posterior relation of the right kidney, one statement is WRONG:

A A. 11 and 12 ribs B B. Subcostal nerve C C. Iliohypogastric nerve D D. Quadratus lumborum

Regarding capsules of the kidney one of the statements is WRONG:

A A. Fibrous capsule surrounds the kidney and loosely applied to its outer surface B B. Perirenal fat covers the fibrous capsule C C. Renal fascia encloses the kidney and suprarenal gland D D. Pararenal fat, renal fascia and pararenal fat support the kidney

9. Hilum of the kidney transmits following structures EXCEPT:

A A. Renal vein B B. Renal artery C C. Ureter D D. Parasympathetic fibers

10. Regarding the kidneys, following are true EXCEPT:

A A. Reddish-brown in colour B B. Retroperitoneal C C. Lie on posterior abdominal wall D D. Right kidney is slightly higher than the left kidney

11. Followings are anterior relations of the right ureter EXCEPT:

A A. Duodenum B B. First part of ilium C C. Right colic vessels D D. Ileocolic vessels

12. Followings are anterior relations of the left ureter EXCEPT:

A A. Descending colon B B. Sigmoid colon C C. Left colic vessels D D. Left gonadal vessels

13. Regarding the urinary bladder, following are true, EXCEPT:

A A. Pyramidal in shape, when empty B B. Ureters pierce its walls at right angles. C C. Its apex lies behind the symphysis pubis D D. The neck lies inferiorly

14. Regarding the male urethra, following are true, EXCEPT:

A A. Prostatic urethra receives the ejaculatory ducts B B. Membranous urethra contains the seminal colliculus C C. Membranous part is the least dilatable part D D. Penile part is in the corpus spongiosum

15. Regarding the urinary bladder, following are true, EXCEPT

A A. Has maximum capacity of about 500 ml in the adult B B. Area of trigone is always smooth, even when it is empty C C. Uvula vesicae is an elevation behind the urethral orifice D D. Its apex lies posteriorly

16. Regarding urinary bladder, all are true EXCEPT:

A A. Pyramidal in shape, when empty B B. Its apex lies behind the symphysis pubis C C. Ureters pierce its wall at oblique angles D D. Neck lies superiorly

17. Regarding urinary bladder, following are true EXCEPT:

A A. Has maximum capacity of 500 ml in the adult B B. Connected to the umbilicus by medial umbilical ligament C C. Area of trigone is always smooth, even when it is empty D D. Uvula vesicae is an elevation behind the urethral orifice

18. Regarding ureter, following are true EXCEPT:

A A. About 25 Cm long B B. Has three constrictions along its course C C. Supplied only by the renal artery D D. Enters the pelvis by descending anterior to sacroiliac joint

19. Regarding ureter, following are true EXCEPT:

A A. About 10 inches long B B. Enters the pelvis by crossing the middle of external iliac artery C C. In male, it is crossed by the vas deferens D D. Enters the lateral angles of the urinary bladder

20. Following are parts of the male urethra EXCEPT:

A A. Prostatic B B. Membranous C C. Penile D D. Isthmus

21. Regarding the pelvic part of the ureter, following are true EXCEPT:

A A. Enters the pelvis in front of the bifurcation of the common iliac artery. B B. Enters the bladder by passing directly through its wall, no valvular mechanism C C. Has a close relationship to the ischial spine before it turns medially toward the bladder. D D. Inferior vesical artery may be one of its arterial supply in the male

22. Following arteries supply the ureter EXCEPT:

A A. Middle colic B B. Abdominal aorta C C. Gonadal D D. Common iliac

23. Regarding the urinary bladder, following are true EXCEPT:

A A. Receptacle for storage of urine B B. Has strong muscular wall C C. Its shape and relations vary according to amount of urine it contains D D. As the bladder fills, its superior wall rises up into epigastric region

Regarding the urinary bladder, following are true EXCEPT:

A A. Base of the bladder faces posteriorly B B. Base is quadrangular in shape C C. Superolateral angles are joined by the ureters D D. Inferior angle gives rise to the urethra

25. Regarding superior surface of the urinary bladder, following are true EXCEPT:

A A. Superior surface of the bladder is partialy covered with peritoneum B B. As the bladder fills, superior surface bulges upward into the abdominal cavity C C. Along its lateral margins, peritoneum reflected onto lateral pelvic walls D D. Related to the coils of ilium

26. Regarding inferolateral surfaces of the bladder, following are true EXCEPT:

A A. Related anteriorly to retropubic pad of fat B B. Related anteriorly to the pubic bones C C. Related posteriorly to the rectum D D. Related posteriorly to levator ani muscle

27. Regarding the urinary bladder in the female, following are true EXCEPT:

A A. Situated immediately behind pubic bones B B. Lies at higher level than in the male pelvis C C. Neck rests directly on urogenital diaphragm D D. Apex lies behind symphysis pubis

28. Regarding development of the kidney, one statement is wrong:

A A. Develops in the pelvis and later ascends B B. Glomeruli are developed from the mesonephros C C. Its collecting part is developed from the ureteric bud D D. Polycystic kidney is due to failure of union of excretory part with collecting part

29. Following are developed from metanephros except:

A A. Bowman's capsule B B. Collecting system C C. Loop of Henle D D. Proximal convoluted tubule

30. Following are developed from mesonephric duct except:

A A. Renal pelvis B B. Collecting tubules C C. Loop of Henle D D. Major calyces

31. Following are developed from mesonephric duct in female except:

A A. Ureter B B. Uterine tube C C. Trigone of urinary bladde D D. Gartner's duct

32. Following are congenital anomalies of the urinary bladder one is wrong:

A A. Ectopia vesical, mucosa of anterior abdominal wall is exposed to outside B B. Urachal fistula C C. Urachal cyst D D. Recto-vesical fistula

33. Following are congenital anomalies of the kidney except:

A A. Aberrant renal artery B B. Double kidney; early splitting of ureteric bud C C. Polycystic kidney, failure of union between collecting and excretory tubules D D. Horseshoe kidney, kidneys fuse at their upper poles.

1. Spongy part of the male urethra drains via which lymph nodes?

A A. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes B B. External Iliac lymph nodes C C. Deep inguinal lymph nodes. D D. Aortic lymph nodes.

2. Which of the following statements best explains the external urethral sphincter?

A A. Smooth muscle. B B. Innervated by the perineal nerve. C C. Lying between the perineal membrane and Colles' fascia. D C. Lying between the perineal membrane and Colles' fascia.

3. The narrowest part of male urethra is

A A. Prostatic part B B. Membranous part. C C. External urethral meatus. D D. Internal urethral orifice.

4. In the human kidney, the renal papilla projects directly into the:

A A. Renal pyramid. B B. Ureter C C. Major calyx. D D. Minor calyx

5. In the male, the membranous urethra:

A A. Is that part within the prostate gland. B B. Starts at the trigone of the bladder. C C. Is that part within the urogenital diaphragm. D D. Is that part within the corpus spongiosum.

6. The left renal vein:

A A. Is crossed anteriorly by superior mesenteric artery. B B. Lies behind the left renal artery. C C. Joins the portal vein behind the pancreas. D D. Receives the inferior mesenteric vein.

7. The following are related to the anterolateral surface of the right kidney EXCEPT:

A A. Body of pancreas B B. Second part of duodenum. C C. Right lobe of liver D D. Right suprarenal gland.

8. The posterior relations of kidney include the following EXCEPT:

A A. Psoas major muscle. B B. Diaphragm. C C. Internal oblique muscle. D D. Quadratus lumborum muscle.

9. The covering of the kidney include the following EXCEPT:

A A. Fibrous capsule. B B. Thoracolumbar fascia. C C. Perirenal fat. D D. Renal fascia

10. The ureter is supplied by the following arteries EXCEPT:

A A. Renal artery. B B. Abdominal aorta. C C. Gonadal artery. D D. Splenic artery

11. The female urethra is:

A A.6 cm long. B B.8 Cm long. C C.4 cm long. D D.10 cm long

12. The vas deferens is connected to the prostatic urethra by:

A A. The prostatic utricle B B. Gartner's duct. C C. The ejaculatory duct. D D. The urachus.

13. The following are FALSE about urinary bladder EXCEPT:

A A. Is a pelvic organ in the infant. B B. Has peritoneum on its anterior surface when full. C C. Is firm musculo-glandular organ. D D. Its muscular walls are pierced obliquely by the ureters.

14. Which structure belong to renal cortex?

A A. Minor renal calices. B B. Renal column. C C. Renal papillae D D. Renal pelvis.

15. The upper pole of kidney is in neighborhood of

A A. Diaphragm. B B. Superior portion of duodenum. C C. Head of pancreas D D. Suprarenal gland.

16. The female ureter crosses:

A A. Above uterine artery. B B. Under uterine artery. C C. In front of uterine artery. D D. Inside uterine artery.

17. The trigone of bladder lies:

A A. In internal surface of fundus of bladder. B B. Below apex of urinary bladder. C C. Body of bladder. D D. Below neck of bladder.

18. Second constriction of male urethra lies in:

A A. Prostatic portion of urethra. B B. Membranous part. C C. Cavernous part D D. External orifice of urethra.

19. The following structures lie in front of right kidney EXCEPT:

A A. Right lobe of liver. B B. Right colic flexure. C C. Second part of duodenum. D D. Pancreas.

21. The following are False about urinary bladder EXCEPT:

A A. May rise into the peritoneal cavity when it is filled with urine. B B. Contacts with prostate posteriorly (male). C C. Contacts with posterior part of fornix of vagina (female). D D. Is entirely within the lesser pelvis when it is empty.

22. The mark to find the ureteric orifice in urinary bladder is:

A A. Trigone of bladder B B. Internal urethral orifice C C. Interureteric fold. D D. Urethral ridge.

23. The following are FALSE about the pelvic part of ureter EXCEPT:

A A. Descends immediately behind the internal iliac artery. B B. Crosses lateral to the external vessels, umbilical artery, obturator nerve and vessels. C C. Crosses posteriorly over the ductus deferens (male). D D. Passes lateral to the fornex of the vagina and is crossed by uterine artery..

24. The second stricture of male urethra is at:

A A. Internal orifice urethra. B B. Prostatic part C C. Cavernous part. D D. Membranous part.

25. The following muscles are related to the posterior surface of kidney EXCEPT:

A A. Quadratus lumborum muscle. B B. Psoas major muscle. C C. Diaphragm. D D. Internal oblique muscle.

26. Which of the following gives rise to all structures of the kidney?

A A. Somitic mesoderm B B. Intermediate mesoderm C C. Splanchnic lateral plate mesoderm. D D. Somatic lateral plate mesoderm.

27. The following is WRONG about ureteric bud:

A A. Endodermal derivative. B B. Arises from Wolffian duct. C C. Forms collecting tubules. D D. Penetrates metanephric tissue.

28. An organ or structure that is not a component of the urinary system is the:

A A. Urethra. B B. Urinary bladder. C C. Ureter. D D. Adrenal gland.

29. The structure that connects a kidney to the urinary bladder is the

A A. Ureter B B. Urethra C C. Renal pelvis. D D. Collecting duct

30- Which of the following statements concerning the kidneys is false?

A A. They are retroperitoneal. B B. They each contain 8 to 15 renal pyramids. C C. They each have a distinct renal cortex and renal medulla region. D D. They are positioned between the third and fifth lumbar.

31. Which of the following is the correct sequence in which urine flows through the kidney toward the urinary bladder?

A A. Renal pelvis, major calyx, minor calyx, papillary duct, ureter. B B. Papillary duct, minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis, ureter. C C. Minor calyx, major calyx, papillary duct, renal pelvis, ureter. D D. Papillary duct, major calyx, minor calyx, ureter, renal pelvis.

32. All of the following statements are True related to the urethra of a male except:

A A. It serves both the urinary and reproductive systems. B B. It contains a single urethral sphincter near the neck of the urinary bladder. C C. It receives secretions from the bulbourethral glands. D D. It consists of three distinct regions.

33. The apex of the renal pyramid is called the:

A A. Major calyx B B. Minor calyx C C. Renal papilla. D D. Renal pelvis

34. Inferiorly, the posterior surfaces of the kidney are related to all of the following structures EXCEPT:

A A. Subcostal nerve B B. Iliohypogastric nerve C C. Ilioinguinal nerve D D. 2nd portion of the duodenum

35. The renal papillae empty into which of the following structures?

A A. Renal vein B B. Ureter C C. Minor calyces D D. Renal pyramid

36. All of the following statements concerning the renal hilum are correct EXCEPT:

A A. The renal vein is anterior to the renal artery B B. The renal artery is anterior to the renal pelvis C C. It is the entrance to the renal sinus D D. It contains the renal pyramids

37. The nerves of the kidneys and suprarenal glands are derived from which of the following plexuses?

A A. Celiac B B. Lumbar C C. Inferior mesenteric D D. Sacra

38. All of the following statements concerning the ureters are correct EXCEPT:

A A. They are retroperitoneal. B B. They cross the pelvic brim anterior to the bifurcation of the common iliac arteries. C C. They are fibrous tubes connecting the kidneys to the urinary bladder. D D. Their superior halves lie in the abdomen and the inferior halves lie in the pelvis.

39. The uvula of the bladder is located in which of the following locations?

A A. Retropubic space B B. Trigone of the bladder C C. Apex of the bladder D D. Fundus of the bladder

40. Parasympathetic fibers to the bladder are derived from which of the following nerves?

A A. Pelvic splanchnic B B. Greater splanchnic C C. T11-L2 D D. Superior hypogastric plexus

41. Which of the following parts of the male urethra is the widest and most dilatable?

A A. Preprostatic B B. Prostatic C C. Membranous D D. Spongy

42. Which of the following structures opens intothe prostatic sinus?

A A. Prostatic utricle B B. Ejaculatory ducts C C. Prostatic ductules D D. Seminal vesicles

43. The paraurethral glands open into which of the following structures?

A A. Near the external urethral orifice B B. In the neck of the bladder C C. In the prostatic utricle D D. In the seminal colliculus

44. The navicular fossa is located in which of the following structures?

A A. Glans penis B B. Prostate C C. Bladder D D. Seminal vesicle

45. Which of the following structures separates the bladder from the pubic bones in females?

A A. Rectouterine fold B B. Vesicouterine pouch C C. Trigone of the bladder D D. Retropubic space

46. The membranous part of the male urethra is located in which of the following structures?

A A. Bladder B B. Prostate C C. External urethral sphincter D D. Bulb of penis

47. The paraurethral glands are homologues to which of the following structures?

A A. Testes B B. Prostate C C. Seminal vesicles D D. Bulbourethral glands

48. The renal pyramids are located within the

A A. Column B B. Cortex C C. Medulla D D. Pelvis

49. Each minor calyx receives urine from the,

A A. Renal papillae B B. Pelvis C C. Ureter D D. Columns

50. Male urethra is approximately. long.

A A. 30cm-35cm B B. 15cm-20cm C C. 10cm-15cm D D. 5cm-10cm

51. In female the urethra is, long.

A A. 4cm B B. 2cm C C. 6cm D D. 10cm

52. The urinary system develops from:

A A. Lateral plate mesoderm B B. Endoderm C C. Splanchnic mesoderm D D. Intermediate mesoderm

53. The urachus is a remnant of:

A A. Urogenital sinus B B. Urogenital ridge C C. Allantois D D. Cloaca

54. An urachal cyst is a remnant of the:

A A. Urogenital sinus B B. Urogenital ridge C C. Cloaca D D. Allantois

55. The urinary bladder (except the trigone) is derived from tissue associated with the:

A A. Metanephric blastema B B. Mesonephric ducts C . Paramesonephric ducts D D. Cloaca/ urogenital sinus

57. The developing kidneys can sometimes fuse into a single, horseshoe-shaped organ that will usually be found:

A A. In the pelvic cavity, wrapped around a right or left common iliac artery B B. In the abdominal cavity, at the level of the inferior mesenteric artery C C. In the abdominal cavity, at the level of the superior mesenteric artery D D. In the abdominal cavity, at the level of the celiac artery

58. The ductus deferens is derived from the:

A A. Ureteric bud B B. Metanephric blastema C C. Paramesonephric ducts D D. Mesonephric ducts

59. Polycystic kidney disease:

A A. Arises due to defects in development of the mesonephric ducts. B B. Usually results in polyhydramnios. C C. Is often associated with abnormal persistence and subsequent formation of cysts within the allantois. D D. Can arise due to errors in apical versus basal polarization of epithelium in the kidney tubules.

60. The collecting tubules of the kidney are derived from the:

A A. Ureteric bud B B. Metanephric blastema C C. Mesonephric ducts D D. Paramesonephric duct

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