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1. Definition of Risk Factor:
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2) Modifiable Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases:
3) Role of Endothelial Damage in Thrombus Formation:
4) Vitamin that Decreases LDL:
5) Kinins:
6) Characteristics of Intercalated Discs (Except):
7) Main Components of Moderator Band (Except):
8) Avoidance in Digitalis Toxicity:
9) Regarding Angina Pectoris (True Statement):
10) Regarding Digitalis (Correct Statement):
11) Cyclization of Squalene Forms:
12) Most Common Cause of Ischemic Heart Disease:
13) Investigations for Acute Myocardial Infarction (Except):
14) ECG Signs of Myocardial Ischemia (Except):
15) Prolonged Fixed PR Interval on ECG Indicates:
16) True Statement
17) Small Doses of Aspirin in Angina Prophylaxis:
18) Secondary Causes of Hypertension:
19) Valvular Heart Diseases:
20) Most Common Valve Disease:
21) Female Patient with Rheumatic Heart Disease and Mitral Regurgitation (Presenting with Acute Onset of Fever and Toxic Manifestations):
22) The Absolute Refractory Period in the Ventricles:
23) During Isometric Ventricular Contraction:
24) Regarding Pulmonary Circulation:
25) Ventricular pressure is higher than atrial pressure in all phases of the cardiac cycle EXCEPT in:
26) Maximal Coronary Blood Flow Occurs During the:
27) Slowest Conducting Velocity in the Conducting System
28) The strength of contraction is proportional to:
29) Stroke Volume (SV) is Likely to Decrease:
30) Leg Edema Could be Due to All of the Following EXCEPT:
31) Statements about Coronary Blood Flow, Identify the Untrue Statement
32) The Azygos Vein Ends Into
33) Which Vein Does Not Open Into the Right Atrium?
34) The Coronary Sinus Opens Into:
35) Smooth Part of the Left Atrium is Formed Of:
36) Regarding the Left Coronary Artery, Identify the Incorrect Statement:
37) Regarding the Right Ventricle, Identify the Incorrect Statement:
38) Crucial for Diagnosis of Infective Endocarditis:
39) Constrictive Pericarditis Can Lead To:
40) Type of Pericarditis Associated with Rheumatic Heart Disease:
41) Not a Complication of Hypertension:
42) Atherosclerosis Predominantly Affects:
43) Medial Calcification of Arteries is Seen In:
44) Most Common Heart Tumor:
45) Marker Likely to Show Increased Levels 12 Days After Acute Myocardial Infarction:
46) Panic Levels of Sodium are:
47) Causes of Hypocalcemia Include the Following Except:
1. All ventricular muscle cells beat at the same time because:
2. The strength of contraction is proportional to:
3. The important function of the cardiac Purkinje system is to:
4. The pacemaker potential is due primarily to a:
5. The vasa vasorum is a histological feature of:
6. The tunica media and tunica adventitia are not present in:
7. All of the following are histological characteristics of Purkinje cells EXCEPT:
8. A 60-year-old male presents to the emergency department with retrosternal tight chest pain. Examination is unremarkable apart from an increase in heart rate to 90 beats per minute and occasional extrasystoles. Blood pressure is 140/90 mmHg. The patient is sweaty. The most likely diagnosis is:
9. All the following are true about unstable angina except:
10. The P wave is absent with:
11. Digoxin is indicated in:
12. Select the drug that is an inodilator, beneficial in refractory congestive heart failure:
13. The following antianginal drug is most likely to cause tachycardia as a side effect:
14. Dilated cardiomyopathy is characterized by the following:
15. Restrictive cardiomyopathy is characterized by all of the following except:
16. Which of the following acts as a precursor of an atheromatous plaque?
17. The following are tributaries of the coronary sinus except
18. The smooth part of the right atrium is formed from:
19. Cardiovascular disease risk is increased by the intake of:
20. According to the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP), which of the following is a criterion for metabolic syndrome?
1) Contractile response of cardiac muscle:
2) At the onset of exercise, which of the following normally occur?
3) The cardiac index is the ratio of the:
4) Regarding the transmission of the cardiac impulse through the heart:
5) In the ECG, the T wave is associated with:
6) Prolonged athletic training produces, in the resting state:
7) Which of the following is NOT a function of the pericardium?
8) Which of the following cardiac veins empties directly into the right atrium of the heart?
9) Regarding the right coronary artery, one statement is incorrect
10) The coronary sinus develops from:
11) The left 4th aortic arch gives:
12) Regarding the descending thoracic aorta, one statement is incorrect
13) Which of the following types of pericarditis is associated with rheumatic heart disease?
14) In mitral stenosis, all the followings are affected EXCEPT:
15) New sarcomeres are predominantly assembled in parallel to the long axes of cells in:
16) The most important risk factor for atherosclerosis in people older than age 45 years is
17) The most common primary cardiac tumor is:
18) The following is NOT a risk factor for primary hypertension:
19) Select the drug which is a potassium channel opener as well as nitric oxide donor:
20) The following is an orally active lignocaine congener used for both acute as well as chronic ventricular arrhythmias:
21) Dry cough may occur as a side effect of the following antihypertensive drug:
22) Select the hypocholesterolemic drug that selectively inhibits intestinal absorption of cholesterol:
23) The vasa vasorum is a histological characteristic feature of:
24) All of the following are histological features of Purkinje cells EXCEPT:
25) Unhealthy fat includes:
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