Quiz: Exams — AUA MCQ

Diagnostic stage of Enterobius vermicularis worm is

A A. larva B B. egg C C. mature segment D D. gravid segment

Infective stage of Hydatid disease is

A A. adult B B. larva C C. egg D D. mature segment

Urinary schistosomiasis caused by

A A. Schistosoma mansoni B B. Schistosoma japonicum C C. Schistosoma haematobium D D. Other worm

In hereditary renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the following syndrome is implicated in carcinogenesis

A A. von Hippel-Lindau disease B B. Polycystic kidney disease C C. Alport's syndrome D D. Fabry's disease

Out of various histologic types of renal . cell carcinoma, the following type has worst prognosis

A A. Clear cell type B B. Granular cell type C C. Sarcomatoid type D D. Papillary type

Patients with renal carcinoma may have the following except

A A. Hypocalcemia B B. Hypertension C C. Polycythemia D D. Hypercalcemia

Following structures lie posterior to the right kidney, EXCEPT

A A. 11th and 12th ribs B B. Transversus abdominis C C. Iliohypogastric nerve D D. Quadratus lumborum

Regarding left renal vein, following are true, EXCEPT

A A. Left gonadal vein is one of its tributaries B B. Longer than the right renal vein C C. Receives left supra-renal vein D D. Passes behind of aorta

Regarding anterior relation of the right kidney, one statement is WRONG

A A. Superior pole is related to the suprarenal gland B B. 2nd part f the duodenum is related close to the hilum C C. Coils of the jejunum and right colic vessels are related to lower pole D D. Head of the pancreas

Which adverse reaction is not associated with thiazide diuretics

A A. Hyperglycemia B B. Hyperuricemia C C. Hypocalcaemia D D. Hypokalemia

Select diuretic agent having a potent and rapid effect

A A. Furosemide B B. Spironolactone C C. Hydrochlorothiazide D D. Indapamide

The following diuretic drug acts by competing with aldosterone for its cytosolic receptors

A A. Acetazolamide B B. Furosemide C C. Hydrochlorothiazide D D. Spironolactone

Which factor of the following decrease the sensitivity of tubuloglomerular feedback

A A. Adenosine B B. Thromboxane C C. Dopamine D D. Atrial natriuretic peptide

Which of the following statements is/are correct

A A. Hydrostatic pressure in glomerular capillaries is about 55 mmHg B B. The pressure in the glomerular capillaries is lower than in other capillary beds C C. the kidneys receive 71% of the cardiac output D D. The renal cortex receives most of the renal blood flow (2%)

the Normal microbiota are

A A. microorganisms that are frequently found in a particular site in normal healthy individual B B. relatively fixed microorganisms, regularly found in a given area at a given age C C. non fixed microorganisms derived from the environment, They may remain for hours, days or weeks, They are potentiaiiy pathogens D D. Non of the above

Resident flora prevent colonization of pathogenic organism by

A A. Hand wash B B. Competition with nutrients or excreation of inhibitory substances or maintain inhibitory pH C C. increase the thickness of mucosa D D. other mechanism

Which is the correct order of the arterial renal blood flow

A a) Arcuate artery - interlobar artery - vasa recta - interlobular artery B b) Arcuate artery - interlobular artery - interlobar artery - vasa recta C c) Arcuate artery - interlobar artery - interlobular artery - afferent artery D d) Interlobar artery - arcuate artery - interlobular artery - afferent artery

Which of the following is correct about the ureter

A A. The upper one third contain submucosa B B. The upper two thirds contain submucosa C C. The musculosa of the lower two thirds consists of three layers D D. The musculosa of the lower one third consists of three layers

One of the following is false as regard the kidney

A A. Malpighian corpuscles located in cortex B B. The renal interstitium is the space between urineferous tubules & blood & lymph vessels C C. Medullary rays are parallel arrays of tubules extending from the pyramids to the cortex D D. Nephron consists of renal corpuscle, loop of Henle, proximal, distal convoluted tubules & collecting duct

Respiratory CO2 is the source of carbon atom number in the purine ring

A A. 2 B B. 4 C C. 5 D D.6

Which purine nucleotide is synthesized first in the purine nucleotide synthetic pathway

A A. IMP B B. AMPO C C. GMP O D D. ATPO

The end product of purine catabolism in humans is

A A. Xanthine B B. Hypoxanthine C C. Guanine D D. Uric acid

Which factor of the following increase the sensitivity of tubule-glomerular feedback?

A A. Prostaglandin 12 B B. Cyclic AMP (cAMP) C C. Atrial natriuretic peptide D D. Hydroxy eicosatetraenoic acid

Which factor of the following decrease the sensitivity of tubule-glomerular feedback?

A A. Adenosine B B. Hydroxy eicosatetraenoic acid C C. Thromboxane D D. Atrial natriuretic peptide

The only organs which can eliminate certain metabolic acids like sulfuric and phosphoric acids

A A. Large intestine B B. Kidneys C C. Heart D D. Skin

The visceral layer of Bowman's capsule is formed of

A A. Mesangial cells B B. Endothelial cells C C. Macula densa cells D D. Podocytes

The release of renin is considered as the function of

A A. Juxtaglomerular cells B B. Mesangial cells C C. Endothelial cells D D. Macula densa cells

The regeneration of basement membrane of a glomerular blood capillary is the function of

A A. Endothelial cells B B. Podocytes C C. Macula densa cells D D. Mesangial cells

The following is true for PRPP

A A. Used in the purine salvage pathway B B. Precursor for purines C C. All the above D D. Precursor for pyrimidines

Purine nucleotides are synthesized in

A A. Cytosol B B. Lysosome C C. Mitochondria D D. Partly in all the above

Glutamine PRPP amido-transferase is negatively allosterically regulated by the

A A. AMP B B. GMP C C. IMP D D. PRPP

The following catalyzes the committed step in purine nucleotide biosynthesis

A A. PRPP synthetase B B. Phosphoribosyl glycinamide synthetase C C. Phosphor-ribosyl-amine synthetase D D. Formyl-transferase

The following amphibolic intermediate is obtained during de novo purine synthesis

A A. succinate B B. fumarate C C. citrate D D. oxaloacetate

In a resting adult, the kidneys receive

A A. 50% of the cardiac output per minute B B. 31% of the cardiac output per minute C C. 71% of the cardiac output per minute D D. 21% of the cardiac output per minute

The replacement of the media of the afferent glomerular arteriole is the function of

A A. Mesangial cells B B. Endothelial cells C C. Macula densa cells D D. Juxtaglomerular cells

The replacement of the media of the afferent glomerular arteriole is the function of

A A. Mesangial cells B B. Endothelial cells C C. Macula densa cells D D. Juxtaglomerular cells

All of the followings are histological components of the nephron EXCEPT

A A. Renal Malpighian corpuscle B B. Collecting ducts C C. Proximal convoluted tubule D D. Loop of Henle

All the following structures lie in front of the right kidney EXCEPT

A A. Right colic flexure B B. Right lobe of liver C C. Head of the pancreas D D. Coils of intestine

The following statements concerning the ureters are true EXCEPT

A A. Both have three anatomical sites that are constricted B B. Both pass anterior to the testicular or ovarian vessels C C. Both receive their blood supply from testicular or ovarian arteries D D. Both lie anterior to the sacroiliac joints

Regarding the kidneys, all statements are true EXCEPT

A A. Right kidney is slightly lower than the left one B B. Left kidney is related anteriorly to the stomach C C. Kidneys are surrounded by perirenal fat and fascia D D. The two kidneys are completely covered by peritoneum

Regarding the urinary bladder, all statements are true EXCEPT

A A. It lies behind symphysis pubis B B. The urethra starts at its apex C C. Its superior surface is covered with peritoneum D D. The ureters open into its posterosuperior angles

Regarding the urinary bladder, all statements are true EXCEPT

A A. It lies behind symphysis pubis B B. The urethra starts at its apex C C. Its superior surface is covered with peritoneum D D. The ureters open into its posterosuperior angles

The prostatic part of the male urethra develops from

A A. Urachus B B. Ureteric bud C C. Definitive urogenital sinus D D. Mesonephric duct

..............is the rate at which the maximum amount of a substance is reabsorbed from the renal tubule

A A. Renal threshold B B. Filtered load C C. Fractional excretion D D. Tubular transport maximum

.......is the plasma concentration at which a substance appears in urine

A A. Renal threshold B B. Filtered load C C. Fractional excretion D D. Titration point

The transport maximum for glucose (TmG) in adult males is

A A. 180 mg/minute B B. 375 mg/minute C C. 250 mg/minute D D. 150 mg/minute

The renal threshold for glucose is

A A. 180 mg/minute B B. 375 mg/minute C C. 250 mg/minute D D. 150 mg/minute

The normal human glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is approximately (in mL/min)

A A. 25 B B. 300 C C. 50 D D. 125

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

A A. Ammonia is secreted in the distal convoluted tubule B B. Thick segment is absolutely impermeable to water C C. Thick segment is absolutely permeable to water D D. Descending limb is very permeable to water, sodium chloride, and urea

Requirements for excreting concentrated urine

A A. Low ADH B B. Low ANF C C. High ADH levels D D. High ANF

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