Quiz: Cell injury and circulation

Programmed cell death is called

A a) Degeneration B b) Necrosis C c) Aplasia D d) Apoptosis

Which of the following is the source of epithelioid cells in granuloma

A a) Macrophages B b) Lymphocytes. C c) Neutrophils. D d) Plasma cells.

The following is an irreversible Apoptosis

A a) Apoptosis. B b) Cloudy swelling C c) Fatty change. D d) Hydropic change

All the followings are infective granulomas EXCEPT

A a) Tuberculosis. B b) Sarcoidosis C c) Leprosy D d) Bilharziasis.

Putrefaction in gangrene is caused by

A A. Saprophytic bacteria. B B. Pyogenic bacteria C C. Venous obstruction. D d. Ischemia.

Decreased blood supply to a tissue is called

A A. Hyperemia B B. Ischemia C C. Congestion. D D. Infarction

All the followings are correct for moist gangrene EXCEPT

A a) Poor line of demarcation B b) Severe toxemia C c) Occurs in intestine D d) Self-separation may occur

Which of the followings is the source of epithelioid cells in granuloma

A A. Macrophages. B B. Lymphocytes. C C. Neutrophils. D D. Plasma cells.

The following is NOT a type of necrosis

A A. Coagulative. B B. Fat C C. Liquefactive. D D. Degenerative

All of the following are correct for thrombus EXCEPT

A A. Circulating in the blood B B. Common in atherosclerosis C C. May disappear if it is small D D. May be infected

Which of the following types of necrosis is most likely to be seen in the brain

A A. Caseous necrosis B B. Coagulative necrosis C C. Enzymatic fat necrosis D D. Liquefactive necrosis

What is the main cause of cell injury

A a. Bacterial infections B b. Physical trauma C c. Hypoxia D d. Nutritional excess

Which is a mechanism of cell injury

A a. ATP depletion B b. Increased oxygen supply C c. Decreased calcium influx D d. Decrease in membrane permeability

What is cloudy swelling

A a. Irreversible cell injury B b. A type of necrosis C c. Reversible cell injury D d. A form of apoptosis

What characterizes hydropic swelling

A a. Protein accumulation B b. Water accumulation in cells C c. Calcium influx in cells D d. Oxygen depletion in cells

What defines necrosis

A a. Programmed cell death B b. Local death of cells within the body C c. Natural cell aging D d. Cell transformation into a cancerous state

What is apoptosis

A a. Uncontrolled cell proliferation B b. Accidental cell death C c. Programmed cell death D d. Cell transformation into a different cell type

What are the types of cellular adaptations

A a. Atrophy, Hypertrophy, Hyperplasia, Metaplasia, Dysplasia B b. Inflammation, Necrosis, Apoptosis C c. Benign, Malignant, Metastasis D d. Ischemia, Infarction, Hemorrhage

What does agenesis refer to

A a. Overgrowth of an organ B b. Complete absence of an organ C c. Reduction in the size of an organ D d. Increase in the number of cells in an organ

What characterizes atrophy

A a. Increase in cell size and number B b. Decrease in cell size and number C c. Transformation of one cell type into another D d. Disordered cell growth

Which of the following is an example of physiological atrophy

A a. Atrophy of thymus gland after puberty B b. Atrophy due to chronic malnutrition C c. Atrophy due to disuse of a limb D d. Atrophy due to pressure

What is an example of pathological atrophy

A a. Atrophy of muscle due to disuse B b. Atrophy of the uterus during pregnancy C c. Atrophy of the liver in old age D non of the above

What leads to hypertrophy in cells

A a. Decreased workload B b. Hormonal stimulation C c. Reduced blood supply D d. Genetic factors

Hyperplasia is best described as

A a. Increase in cell size B b. Increase in cell number C c. Decrease in cell size D d. Transformation of one cell type into another

Which is a common site for metaplasia

A a. Liver B b. Brain C c. Respiratory tract D d. Muscles

Dysplasia often occurs in which of the following conditions

A a. Chronic inflammation B b. During normal development C c. Aging tissues D d. In response to hormonal changes

Neoplasia refers to

A a. A decrease in cell number B b. A reversible change in cell size and shape C c. New, uncontrolled growth of cells D d. Normal cell division

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