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1.A non-functioning pituitary adenoma causes pituitary insufficiency because of:
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2.A 0.7 cm microadenoma of the adenohypophysis is seen by head MRI in a 25-year-old female. Which of the following complications is she most likely to have?
3. Which of the play a role in following hormones, in addition to participating in the initiation of labor, may trust, monogamy, and the desire to cuddle?
4.A 25-year-old woman who has never been pregnant presented with amenorrhea and me discharge from the nipple for 3 months. Investigations revealed that fier serum LH and Erdiol levels are below normal and pregnancy test is negative. Which of the following is the possible underlying cause of her condition?
5.A patient with Cushing syndrome might present with any of the following EXCEPT:
6.41-year old male Wucose intoleran and has a large jaw. You wonder if he might have siamegaly due to a pituitary adenoma. What laboratory test would be best for making this diagnosis?
7. Diabetes insipidus is associated with a lack of:
8. Acromegaly is characterized by an excess of:
9. Which of the following is the most common cause of Cushing's syndrome?
10. Panhypopituitarism may be a manifestation in all of the following conditions EXCEPT
11. A destructive lesion in which of the following areas generally results in diabetes insipidas
12. Which of the following is NOT a manifestation of postpubertal panhypopituitarism?
13. Hypopituitarism is most frequently associated with:
14. Ad 5-year-old boy with no sexual maturation is found to have papilledema, an enlarged e and fine calcifications above the sella on skull x-ray. The most likely diagnosis is
15. The most common cause for acromegaly is:
16. Cushing's disease is distinguished from Cushing's syndrome by the presence of :
17. The most common. Severe postperhouse-Friderichsen syndrome is:
18. Pituitary adenoma may cause:
19. A 4-month-old child is brought to the pediatrician for evaluation. The mother received no antenatal care and states that she has "a thyroid condition". The child has delay development with macroglossia and umbilical hernia. Which of the following is the underlying condition?
20. A 40-year-old female was found to have a solitary nodule in the left side of her neck. A biopsy revealed thyroid tissue within the lymph node. The most likely diagnosis is:
21. Patients with hashimoto thyroiditis are at increased risk of which of the following?
22. All lesions of thyroid Medullary agnosed by fine needle cytology EXCEPT:
23. Difference between follicular carcinoma and follicular adenoma can be made by which of the following?
24 . Which of the following is the earliestmanifestation of medullary carcinoma of thyroid?
25. Antibodies central for graves disease is:
26. Which thyroid cancer is infamous for invading vessels?
27. A 2-year old child has had failure to thrive. The child is short, with coarse fascial features, a otruding tongue, and an umbilical hernia. Profound mental retardation is apparent as the child matures. These findings are best explained by a lack of:
28. A 58-year-old woman presented with thyroid nodule. Examination revealed single, no functioning mass within the thyroid. Histologic sections of the mass show small thyroid follicles surrounded by complete fibrous capsule that compresses the adjacent normal thyroid tissue. Focal invasion into the capsule is found. Which of the following is consistent with these findings?
29. A 60-year-old woman has been feeling tired and sluggish for long time. Thyroid gland is not palpable. Serum 14 level is decreased but TSH is markedly increased. Which of the following factors is important in the pathogenesis of this condition?
30. During examination a 45 years old man is noted to have a 3 cm palpable nodule in one lobe of the thyroid gland. Needle aspiration of the nodule demonstrates polygonal tumor cells and amyloid. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
31. Which of the following is true of papillary thyroid carcinoma?
32. The most common cause of hypothyroidism in under-developed countries is:
33. Your sister is complaining that she is always tired, despite getting enough sleep. You notice that she seems pale, and when you feel her pulse it is quite slow. She also mentions that she can't stand the cold these days. What two lab tests would be most helpful in diagnosing her condition?
34. A 37-year-old man presented with a single firm mass within the thyroid gland. Histologic examination of the massrevealed an organoid nests of undifferentiated malignant tumor cells separated by broad bands of stroma. The stroma stains positive with congo red stain. Which of the following is consistent with these findings?
35. Which of the following neoplasms is the most likely to be familial?
36. The first endocrine target organ to be affected by panhypopituitarism is:
37. Histological changes in the thyroid gland in response to excess TSH stimulation includeof the following EXCEPT:
38. Which of the following is the characteristic findings in patients with Hashimoto's thyroi ?
39. Which of the following represents the microscopic appearance of the thyroid gland following effective treatment of Graves' disease?
40.Features of primary hyperthyroidism include:
41. All of the following are associated with Graves' disease EXCEPT:
42. Deficiency of thyroid hormone in the adult is associated with which of the following?
43. Which of the following is the most common midline cyst of the neck?
44. The histologic appearance of the thyroid gland in treated Graves' disease consists of
45.Features of BOTH Hashimoto's and granulomatous thyroiditis include
46.Multi-nodular goiters may assume clinical importance for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
47.Thyroglobulin antibodies are most likely to be present in patients with:
48.Which of the following best describes the histologic appearance of the thyroid gland in colloid nodular goiter?
50- Exophthalmos is characteristically associated with:
51-A36-year-old woe. Follicular carcinomal enlargement of the thyroid gland approximate weeks after an uppetices Rory infection. The history is most suggestive of which ofthe following findings on biopsy of the thyroid?
52.Pain and tenderness in the neck with fever is most characteristic
53. Which of the following thyroid carcinomas has the best prognosis?
54. The most common thyroid cancer is:
55. Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid is associated with each of the following EXCEPT:
56. A surgeon explores a thyroid because of a "cold" nodule of the left upper pole of te thyroid. The nodule is firm, non-encapsulated, and granular. There is an enlarged, hard lymph node in the adjacent internal jugular chain. The most likely diagnosis is:
57. Which of the following thyroid tumors may lead to elevated calcitonin levels?
58. Uniform painless enlargement of the thyroid gland is noted in:
59. A parathyroid adenoma is LEAST LIKELY to produce
60. Which of the following is NOT a cause of secondary hyperparathyroidism?
61. Pathologic fractures most typically occur with which of the following:
62.The uncompensated action of calcitonin would result in:
63. Osteomalacia and kidney stones are characteristically associated with:
64. The most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism is:
65. Causes of secondary hyperparathyroidism include all of the following except:
66. The pathogenesis of secondary hyperparathyroidism is associated with which of the following?
67. The predominant cell type in most adenomas of the parathyroid is:
68. Hypercalcemia can be associated with all of the following conditions EXCEPT:
70. All of the following often are malignant neoplasms in children EXCEPT:
71. patientswith Addison's disease patients are prone to develop which of the following?
72. A patient with following? autoimmune adrenalitis is LEAST LIKELY to have which one of the
73. A 59 year old woman with advanced metastatic lung cancer, develops profound fatigue, weakness and alterning diarrhea and constipation. Physical examination demonstrates hyperpigmentation of skin even in areas protected from the sun. Tumor involvement of which organ is most strongly suggested by this patient's presentation?
74. Determination of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in the urine may be helpful in the diagnosis of all of the following EXСЕРТ:
75. Which of the following is true regarding pheochromocytoma?
76. Which of the following is true regarding Addison's disease?
77. Paroxysmal hypertension is most typically associated with:
78. Conn's syndrome is associated primarily with an excess of: which of the following?
79. Patients with Addison's disease (primary chronic adrenal cortical insufficiency) exhibit all of the following EXCEPT:
80. Most uncomplicated Addison's disease is currently the result of:
81. All of the following are causes of Addison's disease EXCEPT:
82. The syndrome of adrenal hyperfunction characterized by sodium retention, potassium loss and moderate hypertension is:
83. Primary hyperaldosteronism (Conn's syndrome) is associated with:
84. Which of the following diseases or syndromes is caused by a deficiency of tw required for the synthesis of adrenal steroids?
85. Which of the following frequently occurs with pheochromocytomas?
86. All of the following correctly characterize pheochromocytomas except:
87. Both neuroblastoma and pheochromocytoma are usually associated with:
88. Islet cell tumors in multiple endocrine neoplasia type -I usually produce:
89. Patients with diabetes have an increased risk of all of the following EXCEPT:
90. An autopsy is performed on an 8-year-old child with diabetes mellitus of recent diabetesf the following findings favor the dischild, with diabetes mellitus of
91. A 28-year-old man presented with recurrent peptic ulcer disease. The serum gastr markedly elevated. These findings are consistent with which of the following?
92. Which of the following is true regarding multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) I syndrome?
93. The association of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid with pheochromocytoma with or without parathyroid hyperplasia or adenoma is called:
94. The multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome may include all of the following EXCEPT:
95. A 15-year-old boy presents with multiple mucuocutaneous neuroma and marfanoid habitus ( tall with long extremities). His older brother has had a thyroidectomy for medullary carcinoma and later has been diagnosed with bilateral tumors of the adrenal medulla. Abnormality in which of the following genes or gene products can explains this condition?
96. Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome (MEN) type IIb (type III) has all the following components EXCЕРТ:
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