Quiz: Exams 2022

1. Growth hormone causes hyperglycemia. It is a result of

A A. decreased peripheral utilization of glucose B B. decreased hepatic production via gluconeogenesis C C. increased glycolysis in muscle D D. decreased lipolysis

2. Effect of calcitonin on mineral metabolism

A A. inhibition of calcium mobilization from bones B B. bone mobilization C C. increased calcium reabsorption in the kidney D D. reduced phosphate reabsorption in the kidney

3. Herring bodies are found in:

A A. Pars Tuberalis B B. Pars intermedia C C. Somatotrophs D D. Neurohypophysis

4. Regarding the thyroid gland, all of the followings are true EXCEPT

A A) Follicular cells have numerous apical microvilli & supranuclear Golgi apparatus. B B) Parfollicular cells are located between follicular cells & reach to the colloid C C) Interfollicular cells are located between follicles, they are tangentially cut follicles. D D) Follicular epithelium surrounds a wide cavity filled with colloid.

5. Glucagon-secreting a cells of pancreas characterized by the followings EXCEPT:

A A) Constitute about 15% to 20% of islet cells. B B) Generally located centrally in the islets. C C) Contain secretory granules about 250 nm in diameter. D D) More uniform in size and more densely packed in the

6. In which of the followings spongiocytes are present:

A A) Zona glomerulosa B B) Zona fasciculate C C) cytoplasm D D) Zona reticularis

7. -The following hormone is formed in the hypothalamus:

A A) Prolactin hormone B B) A-Growth hormone C C) oxytocin D D) D-FSH

8. 5-Gigantism should be treated by the following:

A A) octreotide B B) GH C C) Prolactin inhibitors D D) thyroxine

9. -Hyperthyroidism is treated by the following drug to prevent sympathomimetic manifestation

A B) adrenaline B B) adrenaline C C) propranolol D D) verapamil

10.Which of the following factors decrease insulin secretion:

A A) Increase amino acids (after a high protein meal) B B) Gastric inhibiting peptide C C) When blood glucose level increases after a meal D D) Sympathetic stimulation

11...hormone there is marked Na+ & H20 loss from the body and marked K retention in blood. In absence of.......

A A. Calcitonin B B. Aldosterone C C. Insulin D D. Parathormone

12.All of the following are correct about insulin action except

A A- It decreases uptake of K by muscles and liver B B- It increase protein synthesis C C- Inhibits lipolysis D D- Inhibition of the liver glycogenolysis

13.All of the following are actions of Oxytocin except:

A A- Helps milk ejection B B- Stimulate uterine contraction at end of pregnancy C C- Involution of the uterus as before pregnancy. D D- It inhibits ejection of sperms from semineferous tubules and epidydemis into vas difference

13.All of the following are actions of Oxytocin except:

A A- Helps milk ejection B B- Stimulate uterine contraction at end of pregnancy C C- Involution of the uterus as before pregnancy. D D- It inhibits ejection of sperms from semineferous tubules and epidydemis into vas difference

13.All of the following are actions of Oxytocin except:

A A- Helps milk ejection B B- Stimulate uterine contraction at end of pregnancy C C- Involution of the uterus as before pregnancy. D D- It inhibits ejection of sperms from semineferous tubules and epidydemis into vas difference

14.All of the following are actions of thyroxin except it:

A A- Increases the metabolic activities in all tissues of the body B B- Blood glucose level C C- Increases the free fatty acid level in blood. D D- Increases protein synthesis in the cells

15.15-causes of short stature:

A A- Familial B B- congenital disease C C- hypopituitarism D D- all of the above

16.causes of poly urca

A a. diabetes mellitus B b. diabetes insibidus C c. none of above D d. both A and B

17.manifestation of hyperthyroidism except

A A- palpitation B B- thyroid enlarged C C- weight loss D D- cold skin

18.The etiology of Hashimoto's thyroiditis is.......

A A. There is increased TSH stimulation B B. hypoplasia of follicles C C. Autoimmune D D. Viral infection

19.Bone pain and osteoporosis are caused

A A- Toxic goiter B B- Parathyroid adenoma C C- Craniopharyngioma D D- Neuroblastoma

20.The following structure is related superiorly to pituitary gland.

A A- Dorsum sellae B B- Pons C C- Cavernous sinus D D- Basilar plexus of veins

21.Regarding thyroid gland which of the followings is not true

A A. Highly vascular organ B B. Consists of right and left lobes connected by isthmus C C. Isthmus related to 1", 2 and 3 tracheal rings D D. Each lobe is pear in shape

22.Cortex of suprarenal gland is derived from......

A A. Mesoderm B B. Endoderm C C. Neural crest D D. Mesonephric duct

23.Superior parathyroid gland is derived from..........................

A A. First pharyngeal pouch B B. First pharyngeal cleft C C. Second pharyngeal pouch D D. Fourth pharyngeal pouch

1. Growth hormone causes hyperglycemia. It is a result of

A A. decreased peripheral utilization of glucose B B. decreased hepatic production via gluconeogenesis C C. increased glycolysis in muscle D D. decreased lipolysis

2. Effect of calcitonin on mineral metabolism

A A. inhibition of calcium mobilization from bones B B. bone mobilization C C. increased calcium reabsorption in the kidney D D. reduced phosphate reabsorption in the kidney

3. Herring bodies are found in:

A A. Pars Tuberalis B B. Pars intermedia C C. Somatotrophs D D. Neurohypophysis

4. Regarding the thyroid gland, all of the followings are true EXCEPT

A A) Follicular cells have numerous apical microvilli & supranuclear Golgi apparatus. B B) Parfollicular cells are located between follicular cells & reach to the colloid C C) Interfollicular cells are located between follicles, they are tangentially cut follicles. D D) Follicular epithelium surrounds a wide cavity filled with colloid.

5. Glucagon-secreting a cells of pancreas characterized by the followings EXCEPT:

A A) Constitute about 15% to 20% of islet cells. B B) Generally located centrally in the islets. C C) Contain secretory granules about 250 nm in diameter. D D) More uniform in size and more densely packed in the

6. In which of the followings spongiocytes are present:

A A) Zona glomerulosa B B) Zona fasciculate C C) cytoplasm D D) Zona reticularis

7. -The following hormone is formed in the hypothalamus:

A A) Prolactin hormone B B) A-Growth hormone C C) oxytocin D D) D-FSH

8. 5-Gigantism should be treated by the following:

A A) octreotide B B) GH C C) Prolactin inhibitors D D) thyroxine

9. -Hyperthyroidism is treated by the following drug to prevent sympathomimetic manifestations:

A A) antithyroid drugs B B) adrenaline C C) propranolol D D) verapamil

10.Which of the following factors decrease insulin secretion:

A A) Increase amino acids (after a high protein meal) B B) Gastric inhibiting peptide C C) When blood glucose level increases after a meal D D) Sympathetic stimulation

11...hormone there is marked Na+ & H20 loss from the body and marked K retention in blood. In absence of.......

A A. Calcitonin B B. Aldosterone C C. Insulin D D. Parathormone

12.All of the following are correct about insulin action except

A A- It decreases uptake of K by muscles and liver B B- It increase protein synthesis C C- Inhibits lipolysis D D- Inhibition of the liver glycogenolysis

13.All of the following are actions of Oxytocin except:

A A- Helps milk ejection B B- Stimulate uterine contraction at end of pregnancy C C- Involution of the uterus as before pregnancy. D D- It inhibits ejection of sperms from semineferous tubules and epidydemis into vas difference

14.All of the following are actions of thyroxin except it:

A A- Increases the metabolic activities in all tissues of the body B B- Blood glucose level C C- Increases the free fatty acid level in blood. D D- Increases protein synthesis in the cells

15.15-causes of short stature:

A A- Familial B B- congenital disease C C- hypopituitarism D D- all of the above

16.causes of poly urca

A a. diabetes mellitus B b. diabetes insibidus C c. none of above D d. both A and B

17.manifestation of hyperthyroidism except

A A- palpitation B B- thyroid enlarged C C- weight loss D D- cold skin

18.The etiology of Hashimoto's thyroiditis is.......

A A. There is increased TSH stimulation B B. hypoplasia of follicles C C. Autoimmune D D. Viral infection

19.Bone pain and osteoporosis are caused

A A- Toxic goiter B B- Parathyroid adenoma C C- Craniopharyngioma D D- Neuroblastoma

20.The following structure is related superiorly to pituitary gland.

A A- Dorsum sellae B B- Pons C C- Cavernous sinus D D- Basilar plexus of veins

21.Regarding thyroid gland which of the followings is not true

A A. Highly vascular organ B B. Consists of right and left lobes connected by isthmus C C. Isthmus related to 1", 2 and 3 tracheal rings D D. Each lobe is pear in shape

22.Cortex of suprarenal gland is derived from......

A A. Mesoderm B B. Endoderm C C. Neural crest D D. Mesonephric duct

23.Superior parathyroid gland is derived from..........................

A A. First pharyngeal pouch B B. First pharyngeal cleft C C. Second pharyngeal pouch D D. Fourth pharyngeal pouch

1. TSH hormone biochemically is

A A. protein B B. Fat C C. Glycoprotein D D. Carbohydrate

2. Hyperproduction of adrenalin in the body is observed in:

A A- adrenogenital syndrome B B- pheochromocytoma C C- Cushing's syndrome D D- Addison's disease

3. Influence of adrenalin on metabolism:

A a. increases synthesis of triacylglycerols B b. increases degradation of glycogen in the liver to form glucose C c. increases glycogen formation from glucose D d. decreases blood glucose level

4. 4. All the following hormones use cAMP as a second messenger except

A a. FSH B b. estrogen C c. glucagon D d. luteinizing hormone

5. 5. Increased reabsorption of water from the kidney is the major consequence of which of the following hormones?

A a. Cortisol B b. Insulin C c. Vasopressin D d. Aldosterone

6. 6.Vasopressin is a hormone that has a powerful antidiuretic effect, stimulating the reverse flow of water through the membranes of the renal tubules. What is its chemical nature?

A a. Steroid compounds B b. Carbohydrate C c. Derived amino acid D d. Led Peptide

7. 7. Effect of calcitonin on mineral metabolism

A a. inhibition of calcium mobilization from bones B b. bone mobilization C c. increased calcium reabsorption in the kidney D d. reduced phosphate reabsorption in the kidney

8. 8.Which one of the following hormones is derived most completely from tyrosine?

A a. Glucagon. B b. Thyroxine C c. Insulin D d. Prostaglandins

10.10. Receptors for peptide hormones are located:

A a. in the cytoplasm of the cell B b. . on the outer surface of the cell membrane C c. in ribosomes D d. in microsomes

11.In the action of peptide hormones on the cell, the second messenger is:

A a. GTP B b. adenylate cyclase C c. cyclic AMP D d. protein kinase

12.Pars distalis consists of:

A a. Somatotrophs & pituicytes. B b. Pituicytes and Herring bodies. C c. Mammotrophs & Herring bodies. D d. Chromophils & chromophobes.

13.Luteinizing hormone is secreted by:

A A) Somatotrophs. B B) Herring bodies. C C) Mammotrophs. D D) Pituitary basophils.

14.14. Thyroid follicles:

A A) Have basophilic colloid in the lumen. B B) Interfollicular cells secrete parathormone. C C) Contain parafollicular cells that release calcitonin. D D) Contain follicular cells that release TSH.

15.15. Which is true about oxyphil cells:

A A. Are more numerous than chief cells. B B. Their number decrease with age. C C. Smaller than chief cells D D. Are deeply acidophilic.

16.Which of the following is secreted from spongiocytes?

A A) Mineralocorticoides B B) Glucocorticoides C C) Norepinephrine D D) Epinephrine

17.Adrenal cortex is originated from:

A a) Endoderm B b) Ectoderm C c) Mesoderm D d) Ectomesoderm

18.Mallory-Azan stain identifies glucagon-secreting a cells of pancreas:

A A- Green B B- Red. C C- Brownish orange, D D- Unstained

19.19. Insulin-secreting b cells of pancreas characterized by the following EXCEPT:

A A) Constitute about 15% to 20% of islet cells. B B) Generally located in its central portion. C C) Contain numerous secretory granules about 300 nm in diameter. D D) With a dense polyhedral core and a pale matrix

20.Medulla of suprarenal gland is derived from......

A A) Mesoderm B B) Neural crest C C) Mesonephric duct D D) Endoderm

21.Regarding thyroid gland, following are true except.

A A) Related to carotid sheath B B) Has the recent laryngeal nerve ascending medial to the lateral lobes C C) Its venous drainage is to superior, middle and inferior thyroid veins Enclosed in the prevertebral fascia D D) Supplied mainly by superior and inferior thyroid arteries

22.Regarding the suprarenal gland, one statement is WRONG.

A A. Right suprarenal vein opens into the right renal vein B B. Superior suprarenal artery is a branch of the inferior phrenic artery C C. Middle suprarenal artery is a branch of the abdominal aorta D D. Inferior suprarenal artery is a branch of the renal artery

23.Regarding the pancreas, following are true Except.

A A. Transverse mesocolon is attached to its interior border. B B. Has main pancreatic duct and sometimes another accessory duct C C. Portal vein begins at level of neck of pancreas D D. Superior mesenteric artery descends anterior to uncinate process.

24.24.Gigantism should be treated by the following:

A A. GH B B. Prolactin inhibitors C C. thyroxine D D. octreotide

25.25.The following are used in male and female infertility:

A A. human chorionic gonadotropin. B B. Human menopausal gonadotropin C C. estrogen D E. a+b

26.Oxytocin is contrindicated in the following:

A A. induction of labor B B. Incomplete abortion. C C. postpartum hemorrhage D D. Maternal contracted pelvis

27. Insulin is not given orally because:

A A. it is acid sensitive B B. it is destroyed by gastric pepsin. C C. it is destroyed by first pass effect. D D. it is not absorbed from intestine

28..Hyperthyroidism is treated by the following to decrease formation of thyroid hormones:

A a) antithyroid drugs B b) propranolol C c) adrenaline D d) verapamil

29.The following condition is associated with ketoacidosis.

A a) hypoglycemic coma B b) hyperglycemic coma C c) diabetes insipidus D d) hepatic coma

30.The following is/are antihyperglycemic drug(s):

A a) sulfonylureas B b) biguanides. C c) glucagon D d) insulin

31.causes of short stature

A a) familial B b) congenital disease C c) hypopituitaris D d) all of the above

32.32. causes of poly urea

A a) diabetes mellitus B b) diabetes insibidus C c) none of above D d) both A and B

33.Manifestation of hyperthyroidism except

A a) palpitation B b) thyroid enlarged C c) cold skin D d) weight loss

34.manifestation of Cushing disease

A a) obesity B b) buffalo hump C c) skin stria D d) all of above

35.cushing syndrome is due to

A a) increase cortisone secretion B b) increase thyroxin secretion C c) thyroid enlargement D d) none of the above

36.decrease anti diuretic hormone lead to

A a) diabetes mellitus B b) diabetes insibidus C c) acromegaly D d) thyrotoxicosis

37.One of the following not considered clinical feature of the hypothyroidism

A a) Slowing of mental B c) decreased sweating C d) Hypercholesterolemia D e) Hypocholesterolemia

40.The most common route of spread of follicular thyroid carcinoma is:

A A- Direct B B- Transcoelomic C C- Blood D D- Lymphatic

41.As regarding neuroblastoma, which is correct?

A A- Malignant spindle cell tumor B B- Malignant small round cells affecting 6th decade C C- Capsulated tumor of parathyroid gland D D- Fleshy hemorrhagic necrotic cut surface

42.Which of the following not a cause of the loss of weight?

A A- Graves' disease B B- Malignancy C C- Myxedema D D- Malabsorption syndrome

43.Tropic hormones:

A A- Stimulate the pineal gland to secrete hormones B B- Stimulate the thymus gland to secrete hormones C C- Stimulate nervous tissue D D- Stimulate other endocrines glands to secrete hormones

44.The body's major metabolic hormone is released from the:

A a) Pituitary B b) Thyroid C c) Thymus D d) Hypothalamus

45.Most of the endocrine system is regulated by:

A a) Negative feedback mechanisms. B b) Positive feedback mechanisms. C c) Hormone-receptor complexes. D d) Hormone-gene complexes.

46. Nervousness, increased body temperature, and increased blood-pressure are indications of

A a) Diabetes mellitus B b) Hypoglycemia C c) Hypothyroidism D d) Hyperthyroidism

47.. The alpha cells of the pancreas secrete which targets the The secretions from

A a) Glucagon; liver B b) Melatonin; liver C c) Glucagon; kidney D d) Calcitonin; thyroid

48.which of these glands differs between males and females?

A a) Adrenal B b) Parathyroid. C c) Gonadal. D d) Pancreas.

49.Which of the following has both endocrine and exocrine functions?

A a) Anterior pituitary B b) Thyroid C c) Adrenal medulla D d) Pancreas

50.Which of the following produce antagonistic results?

A a) Calcitonin and parathryroid hormone B b) FSH and LH C c) ADH and vasopressin D d) Oxytocin and prolactin

51.If you drank a liter of water very quickly, the result would be

A a) Increased secretion of oxytocin B b) Decreased secretion of antidiuretic hormone C c) Decreased secretion of oxytocin D d) Increased secretion of antidiuretic hormone

52.Which hormone is produced in the hours of darkness and encourages slee

A a) Insulin B b) Renin C c) Angiotensin D e) melatonin

53.Which hormone is primarily responsible for uptake of glucose from blood

A a) Insulin B b) Renin C c) Angiotensin D d) Leptin

54.The exocrine cells of the pancreas produce:

A a) Adrenaline B b) Insulin C c) Cortisol D d) Digestive juices

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